Challenges for Migration Governance and Human Rights Protection of Central American Migrants in Monterrey

Abstract

In the metropolitan area of Monterrey, Mexico, the presence of migrants from the Northern Triangle of Central America has increased, signaling a transition for Mexico from a transit country to an emerging destination. This article uses a qualitative approach to examine the challenges of migration governance in protecting the human rights of this population during 2024-2025. Semi-structured interviews with experts in migration, governance, and human rights reveal gaps in local public policy, a lack of specific state regulations, and socio-economic integration challenges. The key factors motivating Central American migrants to remain in Monterrey (security, economic opportunities, and family reunification) are identified, as are the human rights most frequently violated during their journey and stay (non-discrimination, personal integrity, health, and work rights). The discussion contrasts these findings with recent literature and the current regional context, highlighting the need for multi-level governance rooted in human security and cross-sector cooperation. Policy recommendations are proposed to strengthen migrant protection, emphasizing social inclusion, authority training, restorative justice, and collaboration between government and civil society to build more just and peaceful societies along Mexico’s northern border.