Efficiency of Cultural Expenditure, Investment and Current Spending in Relation to the Marginalization Index in the Mexican States (2000–2022)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53897/RevCommerP.2025.07.06Keywords:
españolAbstract
This study analyzes the relationship between public cultural expenditure —distinguishing between current and investment spending— and the level of marginalization across Mexico’s 32 states during the period 2000–2022. From a human rights perspective and through the estimation of a dynamic panel data model using the Arellano-Bond method, the redistributive effectiveness of cultural spending is evaluated in relation to the structural persistence of marginalization. The results reveal a strong temporal inertia of marginalization and confirm that per capita cultural investment has a negative and statistically significant effect on the marginalization index, while current expenditure shows no substantive impact. Likewise, economic growth, measured by per capita GDP, does not ensure social inclusion and may coexist with territorial inequalities. These findings highlight the need to orient public cultural expenditure toward investment in infrastructure, equipment, and cultural heritage as a redistributive policy instrument and as a guarantee of the human right to culture. The study concludes that the composition of cultural expenditure, rather than its magnitude, determines its capacity to contribute to the reduction of structural marginalization in Mexico.
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